The RailCar Brakes Listed\Described\Depicted below are used worldwide on Legacy+Modern railways. Compatible+Like designs often are known by different Make\Brand\Regional\Nick names. Dimensions+Ratings listed are of Nominal\Typical Components+Systems; Standards+Practices vary widely with Railway\Region\Era.
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MANx
- ALSO KNOWN AS
- > MANual\Hand Brakes
- DEVELOPMENT +USAGE
- > Manual\HandCranks MechaniclyLinked To WheelMounted BrakeShoes
- > Requires BrakeMen Moving Car~Car Adjusting Cranks To Apply\Release Brakes
- > Commonly Used As Running Brake Bfor 1893, Practice PhasedOut Due To Injury+Wrecks
- > Restricted By OperatingRules\Law To Parking Brake Only Aftr 1933
- ENHANCEMENTS
- > 1893~1898 SafetyApplianceAct\USDC
- > 1993~2009 MANHandBrake Status Via ECP\LonWorks\03PinWire
- MAKERS +VENDORS
- > Ajax
- > Amsted\Faively\Ellcon
- > FreightCarAmerica
- > GrahamWhite
- > Peacock
- > WestinghouseAirBrake\West
VACx
- ALSO KNOWN AS:
- > VACuum\NegativePressure\British Brakes
- DEVELOPMENT +USAGE:
- > 1844~???? Nasymyth+May\Brit
- > 1860~???? N.Hodge\USMA
- > 1860~1892 Limited Use in NorthAmerica, Fully Replaced By AIRx Brakes
- > 1872~1876 J.Smith\USPA Acquired By WABCo
- > 1874~1894 F.Eames\USNY Acquired By NYAB\Knorr
- > 1875~1970 Standard In Britain, 1971~1998 Fully Replaced By AIRx Brakes
- > 1885~19?? Standard In Australia, Being Replaced By AIRx Brakes
- > 18??~1980 Standard In India, Being Replaced By AIRx Brakes
- > 1895~1920 Standard In Japan, Fully Replaced By AIRx Brakes
- > 18??~19?? Standard In SouthAfrica, Being Replaced By AIRx Brakes
- > If Coupler\TrainLine Breaks, VACx Brakes AutoApply In Emergency\FailSafe Mode
- > Strength Limited By AtmosphericPressure, Severely Weakens With Altitude
- STANDARDS +PRACTICES
- > Britain\BR
- > Australia\ROA
- > India\RDS
- > SouthAfrica\SAR
- MAKERS +VENDORS
- > EamesVacuumBrake
- > Gresham&Craven
- > D&M + Oerlikon + SAB + Faiveley
AIRx
Nfo Nfo Nfo Vid Vid Vid Vid Vid
- ALSO KNOWN AS
- > AIR\PositivePressure\Westinghouse Brakes
- > Lok\Strait\Direct\Independent=Inde Brakes
- > Train\FailSafe\Pipe\Automatic=Auto Brakes
- > ElectroPneumatic=EP\ElectronicControlPneumatic=ECP Brakes
- DEVELOPMENT +USAGE
- > ????~1848 S.Lister\Brit Patent
- > 1868~1914 G.Westinghouse\USPA Patents
- > 1872~1905 SteamLoks With West.A\B\C\D\F\G\H\K = IndeBrake + AutoBrake
- > 1893~1898 SafetyApplianceAct\USDC
- > 1904~1947 DMUs+EMUs With West.AMUE = ElecBrake + AutoBrake
- > 1906~???? SteamLoks With West.6ET = IndeBrake + AutoBrake
- > 1925~1944 Diesel+ElecLoks With West.6SL\7EL\8EL\14EL = IndeBrake + AutoBrake
- > 1945~1956 Diesel+ElecLoks With West.24RL = IndeBrake + AutoBrake
- > 1951~1997 Diesel+ElecLoks With Oerlikon\D&M\Stabeg\Koban.FD+FV = IndeBrake + AutoBrake
- > 1948~???? DMUs+EMUs With West.SMEE = ElecBrake + AutoBrake
- > 1957~1992 Diesel+ElecLoks With Knorr\West.26L\SA26+26C = IndeBrake + AutoBrake
- > Y???~???? DMUs+EMUs With Oerlikon\D&M\Stabeg\Koban.FVEL6 = ElecBrake + AutoBrake
- > 1993~???? Diesel+ElecLoks With Knorr.CCB Or West.EPIC = ElecBrake + IndeBrake + AutoBrake
- > If Coupler\TrainLine Breaks, AIRA Brakes AutoApply In Emergency\FailSafe Mode
- ENHANCEMENTS
- > Triple\DistributorValve
- > GladHand Nfo
- > DualReservoir Nfo
- > ElecPneu\EP Nfo Nfo Nfo
- > ElecConPneu\ECP Nfo Nfo Nfo Nfo Nfo
- > 3PinControlCable
- > TwinPipe
- > BrakeBlending Nfo
- > EOTDevice
- STANDARDS +PRACTICES
- > Standard 2018.SNCF\SysNatChemFrance
- > Standard 2016.UICx\EuroUnionInterChem
- > Standard 2013.AARx\AmericanAssocRailways
- > Standard 2006 UICx\EuroUnionInterChem
- > Standard 1962.BRSS\BritRailSafetyStandards, Some VACx Brakes Remain On Historic Stock
- > Standard 19??.CRxx\ChinaRail
- > Standard 1980.RDSx\India, Some VACx Brakes Remain 2017
- > Standard 1920.JRxx\JapanRail, All VACx Converted To AIRx 1925~1931
- > Standard 19??.GOSt\Russia
- > Standard 19??.ROAx\Australia, Some VACx Brakes Remain 2017
- > Standard 1910.SARx\SouthAfrica, Some VACx Brakes Remain 2017
- > Standard 1893.AARx\AmericanAssocRailways, All VACx Converted To AIRx 1893~1914
- MAKERS +VENDORS
- > AlfaUnion
- > Bozic
- > DaKo
- > Faiveley
- > Gessman
- > IndiaRailAirBrake\IRAB
- > Knorr\NewYorkAirBrake\NYAB
- > Mitsubishi
- > Oerlikon + D&M = FD IndeBrake + FV AutoBrake
- > Schaltbau
- > Secheron
- > WestinghouseAirBrake\West
- > Xian\ChinaLoco
- SUBTYPES
- Brak.AIRInde
- > Evolved From 1868 West "NonFailSafe StraitAir" Brakes, AlsoKnownAs Inde\Loko\Strait Brake
- > Used On Loks+Tenders+DMUs+EMUs, Not On Wags
- > Modern Versions Function Simularly, With Much Improved Response & Reliability
- Brak.AIRAuto
- > Evolved From 1872 West "FailSafe AIRAuto" Brakes[, AlsoKnownAs Auto\Train Brake
- > Used On Loks+Tenders+Wags+DMUs+EMUs
- > Modern Versions Function Simularly, With Much Improved Response & Reliability
- Brak.AIRElec
- > Evolved From 1904 West "AMUE ElecPneu" Brakes+07PinLine, AlsoKnownAs EP Or ECP Brakes
- > Used On DMUs+EMUs+UnitPsgrWags+UnitFrhtWags, Not On Loks\Tenders\LegacyWags
- > Modern Versions Function Simularly, With 03PinLine & Also Controls DistributedPower\Loks
- > Pic Vid
- Brak.AIRTail
- > Replaced The Caboose\WayCar+Conductor+BrakeMan, AlsoKnownAs EOTD+HOTD or FRED+WILMA
- > EndOfTrainDevice\EOTD\FRED On LastCar TailEnd Monitors+Transceives Distance+Speed+Pressure
- > HeadOfTrainDevice\HOTD\WILMA In LeadCab Transceives LastCar Pressure Per Cab Brake Command
- > Nfo Nfo Nfo Nfo Nfo Nfo Nfo Nfo Vid Vid Vid Vid
EMFx
- ALSO KNOWN AS
- > ElecMotivForce\Dynamic\Hybrid\Regen\Rheostat\Resistor Brakes
- DEVELOPMENT +USAGE
- > 1939~???? First Used On DselLoks+ElecLoks
- > Typical On Modern DselLoks+ElecLoks+DMUs+EMUs
- > ElecMotivForce Generated By Coasting TrakMotors Switched To Resistor\Battery\3RLE\OHLE
- > ElecMotivForce Fades As Speed Drops To Zero, So EMFx Brakes Alone WONT Fully Stop Train
- > If EMFx Brakes Fail, AIRx Brakes Are Used
- ENHANCEMENTS
- > Blending
- > Brake Controls Reduce Wear + Improve Handling
- MAKERS +VENDORS
- > ABB
- > AlfaUnion
- > ATS
- > DaulatRam
- > DaytonPhoenix
- > Filnor
- > Mosebach
- > NRE
- > Ohmic
- SUBTYPES
- Brak.EMFDynamic
- > Converts BrakingForce To DissipatedHeat Via OnBoard Resistors+Blowers
- > Used On DselLoks+ElecLoks+DMUs+EMUs, Improves Braking+Handling
- Brak.EMFHybrid
- > Converts BrakingForce To AuxiliaryPower Via OnBoard Chargers+Batteries
- > Used On DselLoks+ElecLoks+DMUs+EMUs, Improves Braking+Handling+EnergyEfficiency
- Brak.EMFRegen
- > Converts BrakingForce To RegenPower Via 3RLE.Shoes\OHLE.Pants
- > Used On ElecLoks+EMUs, Improves Braking+Handling+EnergyEfficiency
